Mentoring in research: development of competencies for health professionals.

BACKGROUND: Mentoring programmes in health research are beneficial for both mentors and mentees and are essential for the development of the next generation of research leaders. This study describes the self-assessment of research skills in health professionals participating in a research mentoring programme and determines the correlation between the participants' self-assessment of research skills and professional characteristics. METHOD: This was a quasi-experimental, time-series study conducted in a Brazilian tertiary hospital. Thirty-five health professionals holding a master's or PhD degree were included. The participants answered a survey in which they self-assessed their research skills distributed into eight domains, with one group responding before training and another group responding after training. The level of significance was set at 5% (p < 0.05). RESULTS: Those who received training scored better in research skills related to two domains: critical analysis of the literature and identification of appropriate research methods (p = 0.0245). CONCLUSION: Trained professionals performed better in the domains of critical thinking and knowledge and management of steps in the research process.

Enfermeiros e as práticas recomendadas no manejo de delirium: estudo transversal / Enfermeras y mejores prácticas en el manejo del delirio: estudio transversal / Nurses and the best practices in the management of delirium: cross-sectional study

Objetivos:descrever a concordância dos enfermeiros quanto à avaliação, diagnóstico e prevenção de delirium em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva e verificar a associação da concordância ao perfil sociodemográfico dos profissionais. Método:estudo transversal realizado nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva geral e cardiológica de um hospital de alta complexidade, entre janeiro e fevereiro de 2018. Participaram 61 enfermeiros por meio de surveyeletrônica com dezessete questões, sendo excluídos os que estavam em férias ou licença médica durante a coleta de dados. Resultados:A mediana de afirmativas com alta concordância foi de 11 por profissional, com 64% da amostra obtendo baixa concordância. As afirmativas com melhor concordância incluíram fatores de risco, algoritmo de avaliação, atuação do enfermeiro e conhecimento sobre sinais da síndrome. Conclusão:Os enfermeiros apresentaram baixa concordância às diretrizes de melhores práticas no manejo do delirium e não foi encontrada associação entre a alta concordância e ascaracterísticas sociodemográficas

Objectives:to describe nurses' agreement to regarding the assessment, diagnosis and preventionof delirium in the Intensive Care Unit and to verify the association of agreement with the sociodemographic profile of professionals. Method:cross-sectional study carried out in the general and cardiac Intensive Care Units of a high-complexity hospital, between January and February 2018. Sixty one nurses participated in an electronic survey with seventeen questions, excluding those who were on vacation or sick leave during the data collection. Results:The median of statements with high agreement was 11 per professional, with 64% of the sample obtaining low agreement. The statements with the best agreement included risk factors, assessment algorithm, nurse's role and knowledge about signs of the syndrome. Conclusion:Nurses showed low agreement with the guidelines for best practices in the management of delirium and no association was found between high agreement and sociodemographic characteristics.

Objetivos:describir la concordancia de enfermeras sobre la evaluación, diagnóstico y prevencióndel delirio en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos y verificar la asociación de concordancia con el perfil sociodemográfico de los profesionales. Método:estudio transversal realizado en las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Generales y Cardíacos de un hospital de alta complejidad, entre enero y febrero de 2018. Participaron 61 enfermeras en una encuesta electrónica con diecisiete preguntas, excluyendo a las que se encontraban de vacaciones o baja laboral durante la recopilación de datos. Resultados:La mediana de enunciados con alta concordancia fue de 11 por profesional, con un 64% de la muestra obteniendo baja concordancia. Los enunciados con mejor concordancia incluyeron factores de riesgo, algoritmo de evaluación, rol de la enfermera y conocimiento sobre los signos del síndrome. Conclusión:las enfermeras mostraron bajo acuerdo con las guías de buenas prácticas en el manejo del delirio y no se encontró asociación entre alto acuerdo y características sociodemográficas

Association between nonpharmacological strategies and delirium in the intensive care unit.

BACKGROUND: Several nonpharmacological strategies for the prevention and treatment of delirium have been increasingly used because the aetiology of delirium is multifactorial. AIMS: To verify the association between nonpharmacological strategies (presence of companion, mobilization, absence of physical restraint and natural light) and the occurrence of delirium, and to identify risk factors for delirium in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. STUDY DESIGN: The study was conducted in a Brazilian medical and surgical ICU. The sample included patients older than 18 years with length of ICU stay greater than 24 h and without delirium on admission. Delirium was identified by applying the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU). The association between the variables and delirium was analysed using Mann-Whitney and chi-square tests, and multivariate logistic regression to identify the predictive factors. RESULTS: Of the 356 patients, 64 (18%) had delirium. The presence of a companion, mobilization, and physical restraint were associated with delirium, and the first two were identified as protective factors. That is, the odds of delirium decreased by 88% when a companion was present and by 95% when the patient was mobilized. The risk factors of delirium were length of ICU stay and age. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of a companion and patient mobilization were identified as protective factors against delirium, highlighting their importance as preventive actions, especially in patients with a higher risk of developing this disorder. The findings regarding physical restraint can also be considered evidence indicating the need for careful use of this measure in clinical practice until evidence of its relationship with delirium is confirmed. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The implementation of strategies such as early mobilization, presence of a companion and careful assessment for the use of physical restraint by the multidisciplinary team can help control the occurrence of delirium in the ICU.

Retenção de conhecimento dos enfermeiros sobre derivação ventricular externa / Retaining knowledge of external ventricular drain by nursing professionals / Retención del conocimiento de los enfermeros sobre derivación ventricular externa

Introdução: A hidrocefalia é uma complicação frequente entre os pacientes neurológicos e seu tratamento em casos agudos é por meio de um cateter de derivação ventricular externa que possibilita a monitorização e o controle da hipertensão intracraniana. O objetivo desse estudo foi descrever a retenção do conhecimento dos enfermeiros após intervenção educativa sobre cuidados com derivação ventricular externa. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo quase experimental com enfermeiros de uma unidade de terapia intensiva adulto, em que foi avaliado a retenção de conhecimento sobre o tema em três momentos: antes, uma semana e três meses após o treinamento. Resultados: Houve retenção significativa após uma semana, mas não aos três meses, sendo que aos três meses o índice de acertos nas questões foi expressivamente baixo em relação às fases anteriores. O desempenho dos participantes foi melhor nas questões relacionadas ao manuseio do sistema. Discussão: O tempo é um fator que interfere no aprendizado e os estudos mostram que o conhecimento aos 3 meses diminui significativamente, sendo que aos 6 meses e um ano quase que completamente. Condutas práticas baseadas em diretrizes de assistência tem melhor retenção entre os profissionais, ressaltando que há mais facilidade no aprendizado de habilidades técnicas que estão associadas a vivência profissional. Conclusões: Houve retenção de conhecimento significativa entre os profissionais na primeira semana após o treinamento, mas não aos três meses após o treinamento.

Introduction: Hydrocephalus is a common complication among neurological patients whose treatment in acute cases is done through an external ventricular drain catheter which allows monitoring and controlling intracranial hypertension. This study aimed at describing the knowledge retention by nurses after an educational intervention on nursing care for an external ventricular drain. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental study with nurses at an adult intensive care unit was conducted in which knowledge retention on the topic was evaluated at different three times: before, one week and three months after training. Results: After one week, significant retention was observed but not after three months, given that after this period the question success rate was significantly low with respect to the previous phases. Participants' performance was better in those questions related to system management. Discussion: Time is a factor that interferes with learning since studies show that knowledge at three months significantly decreases and is almost completely gone after six months and a year. Practical behaviors based on assistance guidelines have better retention among professionals, underlining that it is easier to learn technical skills that are associated with professional experience. Conclusions: A significant knowledge retention was observed among professionals in the first week after training but not after three months.

Introducción: La hidrocefalia es una complicación frecuente entre los pacientes neurológicos y su tratamiento en casos agudos se hace a través de un catéter de derivación ventricular externa que permite monitorear y controlar la hipertensión intracraneal. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir la retención del conocimiento de los enfermeros después de la intervención educativa sobre cuidados relativos a la derivación ventricular externa. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio cuasi experimental con enfermeros de una unidad de terapia intensiva de adultos, en el que se evaluó la retención del conocimiento sobre el tema en tres momentos: antes, una semana y tres meses después del entrenamiento. Resultados: Después de una semana se observó una retención significativa, sin embargo no a los tres meses, dado que después de tres meses el índice de aciertos en las preguntas fue significativamente bajo con respecto a las fases anteriores. El desempeño de los participantes fue mejor en las preguntas relacionadas con el manejo del sistema. Discusión: El tiempo es un factor que interfiere en el aprendizaje y los estudios muestran que el conocimiento a los tres meses disminuye significativamente, y después de seis meses y un año casi por completo. Las conductas prácticas basadas en directrices de asistencia tienen mejor retención entre los profesionales, resaltando que resulta más fácil aprender habilidades técnicas que están asociadas con la vivencia profesional. Conclusiones: Se observó una retención de conocimiento significativa entre los profesionales en la primera semana posterior al entrenamiento, pero no a los tres meses después del entrenamiento.

Nurses' training in the use of a delirium screening tool. / Capacitação de enfermeiros na utilização de um instrumento de avaliação de delirium.

OBJECTIVE: To narrate the nurses' training experience in the implementation of a systematic delirium screening tool using the Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit. METHOD: Experience report covering the steps of situation diagnosis, planning, staff training and evaluation of the tool's implementation between January and March 2013 with nurses in the ICU of a tertiary hospital in São Paulo. RESULTS: The implementation of the assessment, using the Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit, obtained significant nurse adhesion and became a service indicator. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The experience has shown that this assessment allows the results of the work process to be analyzed and the consequent transformation of daily initiatives.

Capacitação de enfermeiros na utilização de um instrumento de avaliação de delirium / Nurses’ training in the use of a delirium screening tool

RESUMO Objetivo Narrar a experiência de capacitação de enfermeiros para implementação da avaliação sistematizada do delirium pelo método do Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit. Método Relato de experiência que abrangeu as etapas de diagnóstico situacional, planejamento, capacitação da equipe e avaliação da implementação do instrumento entre janeiro e março de 2013 com enfermeiros de uma UTI de um hospital terciário do município de São Paulo. Resultados A implementação da avaliação, utilizando o Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit, obteve uma adesão significativa dos enfermeiros e se tornou um indicador de assistência. Considerações finais A experiência demonstrou que essa avaliação possibilita analisar os resultados do processo de trabalho e a transformação consequente das iniciativas no cotidiano.

RESUMEN Objetivo Contar la experiencia de formación de enfermeras para la implementación de la evaluación sistemática de delirio por el método de la confusión Método de Evaluación de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Método Relato de experiencia que cubría las etapas de análisis de la situación, la planificación, la formación del personal y la evaluación de la aplicación de instrumentos, entre enero y marzo de 2013, con la enfermería en una unidad de cuidados intensivos de un hospital de tercer nivel en São Paulo. Resultados La aplicación de la evaluación utilizando el Método de Evaluación de la confusión de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, obtuvieron una importante participación de las enfermeras y se convirtieron en un indicador de servicio. Consideraciones finales La experiencia ha demostrado que esta evaluación permite analizar los resultados del proceso de trabajo y las iniciativas de transformación consiguientes en la vida diaria.

ABSTRACT Objective To narrate the nurses’ training experience in the implementation of a systematic delirium screening tool using the Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit. Method Experience report covering the steps of situation diagnosis, planning, staff training and evaluation of the tool’s implementation between January and March 2013 with nurses in the ICU of a tertiary hospital in São Paulo. Results The implementation of the assessment, using the Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit, obtained significant nurse adhesion and became a service indicator. Final considerations The experience has shown that this assessment allows the results of the work process to be analyzed and the consequent transformation of daily initiatives.